Ingredients

  • Sauce:
  • 1 tablespoon olive oil
  • 1 bulb fennel - thinly sliced, fronds lightly chopped, stems discarded
  • 1 onion, diced
  • 4 cloves garlic, minced
  • 2 (4.5 ounce) cans sardines packed in oil
  • 1/3 cup raisins
  • 1/4 cup pine nuts
  • 1 teaspoon chopped fresh basil
  • 1 teaspoon fennel seeds
  • salt and ground black pepper to taste
  • 1 pinch red pepper flakes, or to taste
  • 1 (28 ounce) can crushed tomatoes
  • 1 (16 ounce) package spaghetti
  • Mudica (Seasoned Bread Crumbs):
  • 2 tablespoons olive oil
  • 2 cloves garlic, or more to taste, minced
  • 1 cup bread crumbs
  • 1/2 teaspoon chopped fresh basil
  • 1 tablespoon grated Parmesan cheese, or to taste

Method

  • Heat olive oil in a saucepan over medium heat. Add fennel bulb, fronds, and onion. Cook until tender, about 5 minutes. Add garlic; cook for 1 minute. Add sardines with oil; stir until crumbled. Stir in raisins, pine nuts, basil, fennel seeds, salt, pepper, and red pepper flakes; cook until toasted. Pour in tomatoes. Let sauce simmer.
  • Bring a large pot of lightly salted water to a boil. Cook spaghetti in the boiling water, stirring occasionally, until tender yet firm to the bite, about 12 minutes.
  • Meanwhile, heat oil in another pan over medium heat. Add garlic and saute until fragrant, about 1 minute. Add bread crumbs and basil. Cook, stirring occasionally, until browned, about 3 minutes. Remove from heat.
  • Drain pasta; serve topped with the sauce, seasoned bread crumbs, and Parmesan cheese.